Sunday, May 5, 2013

William Chris Winery

William Chris Winery is located just on the edge of Hye, TX and is known for the sustainable practices employed in their vineyards as well as their "small batch" and "minimal handling" approach to wine making. This was the final winery my team visited on our trip to the 290 Trail.

Upon arrival at the William Chris location, you are greeted by a large hand painted "Enchante Y'all" sign which sets the scene for this lovely niche winery. Along the left side as you drive up, there are a few acres of vineyard which lead to a small cottage which serves as their store front and tasting center. The store is flanked by outdoor tasting areas as well which are comprised of rough hewn tables under wooden awnings. The feel is true Texas Rustic. This ambiance is further accomplished by their interior bars which are housed in an addition to the building that incorporates the use of rock and gives way to a large back porch on which any number of hometown bands will provide live music in the evenings. Along the side and back of this building is William Chris' barrel storage and bottling area which occupies a selection of tin buildings with an open cement floor between them to accommodate crush.



William Chris Store Front



While William Chris does not offer tours, we were able to enjoy a tasting of their wines and sample what William Chris refers to as an individualistic, Texas taste.This style of wine is achieved by using only Texas grown fruit with the winery using grape harvested from their 40+ acres in Llano Estacado as well as some contributions from other wine families using sustainable growing practices. Their wine is then produced "by hand" in small batches which use minimal sulfites and minimal handling. Naturally, I was curious to see how this sort of method affected the wine.

A tasting at William Chris is comprised of your choice of five wines from their selection of ten. there are four whites, two pinks, and four reds to choose from however, two of the wines are restricted for tasting only by members of William Chris' Hye Society Wine Club. In order to effectively cover the selection, my team collectively sampled all of the wines and recorded their observations on the wine menu, which you are allowed to mark up and keep for your reference in addition to the small wine card you are also issued.


The William Chris Tasting Menu



As the wines were sampled, we also consolidated our findings on to a single wine score card so that we could compare finding more effectively.

Before and After of complete score card



Our conclusion was that William Chris produces excellent wines with a distinctively spicy taste which is tempered in many of the wines by a pear or acidic flavor. They were easy to drink, smooth on the tongue, and distinctive to this winery. I would recommend a visit to anyone who wants to enjoy the more southern charm of the 290 Trail and enjoys a spicier yet light wine profile. 



Tuesday, April 16, 2013

Messina Hof Winery

Messina Hof Winery

On April 6th I had the opportunity to visit Messina Hof Winery. Messina Hof is located in Bryan, Texas and boasts 42 acres of vineyard on site where they grow the Lenoir variety for their port.in a word, the site is picturesque. Upon entering the front gates you are immediately in front of their tasting room, which resides in the original winery building. Immediately to the left of the tasting room is the Bed and Breakfast, which holds the distinction of being the only four star accommodation in a one hundred mile radius. To the right of the tasting room is the Vintage House Restaurant, which uses wines produced by Messina Hof in each of their delectable dishes. Needless to say that my lovely assistants and I were very impressed by Messina Hof's drive up appeal.

On this particular wine adventure, I was accompanied by John (center), A senior mechanical engineer, Jacque (left), an environmental consultant, and Josh (right), a senior Chemical engineer. These are the generous souls which offered to be my winery guinea pigs:


Upon arrival, we immediately took off on Messina Hof's comprehensive winery tour. The tour was excellent and covered cultural practices regarding the cultivation of the grapes, the fermentation process, bottling procedures, and marketing and tasting. 

First, our tour guide walked us through the vineyard itself. Messina Hof's on-site vineyard is used to produce only the Lenoir variety, which they use in the production of their port. Their other varieties are produced in Fredericksburg and in West Texas near Lubbock. Messina Hof utilizes the drip irrigation system, which was originally pioneered at Texas A&M and is a perfect option for grape production because it allows the plant to receive enough water to grow, but stresses the plant at an appropriate level to induce the development of quality fruit. In addition to this mechanized irrigation method, Messina Hof also uses several old and natural techniques in the upkeep of their vineyard. One of these techniques is the use of roses as an indicator plant. Roses make a fantastic indicator because they are more susceptible to disease, pests, and soil changes than grape vines. They serve as an indicator by displaying signs and symptoms which denote an issue about two weeks before the vines will be affected. This timing difference allows the vineyard manager to make adjustments and applications to protect the vines before issues arise. The roses also serve to add an element of romance to the scenery, which never hurts in the wine business.


Another natural device upon which Messina Hof attributes the success of its vines is the aeration of the soil by a very unlikely ally, the Fire Ant. While this particular member of the Hymenoptera order is often considered a pest to be destroyed (especially if you've ever experienced the agony caused by their bite), Messina Hof has taken advantage of their high concentration in the soil, which has about a 6 inch topsoil layer followed by clay which desperately needs aeration. They have come to rely upon the ants as their chief source of soil aeration, which allows the roots to gain the oxygen and nutrients they need to grow quality grapes.



In spite of their cooperation for the production of delicious wine, these ants did not agree to abstain from biting, so visitors are encouraged to embrace the closed-toed shoe option if they plan to stroll the vineyard.

Strolling the vineyard is definitely encouraged at Messina Hof! Nestled among  the rows of vines is a walking trail, which is lit with glittering Christmas lights and low lamps at night and paved with gravel to avoid ant injury. This path will take the adventurer through the rows as well as past a large pond that is home to over two hundred turtles. The trail also leads to an outdoor event area which, in addition to the B&B, was being used during our visit to host a wedding.

Messina Hof definitely has a sense of humor when describing their scenery.

The gang at the event patio.

Josh and I in the rose arbor. 

Josh, John, and I enjoying the trail.

The turtle pond. Note: don't feed the turtles, apparently they get vicious. 


Next on the tour was a walk through of the fermentation process after harvesting. Grapes are first run through a large crusher destemmer which removes the stems and begins the crush process. The juice and grapes are then moved to a bladder press that uses 130 psi of pressure to crush the grapes and free the juices. This is enough pressure to squeeze the grapes without breaking the seeds, which is very important as crushed seeds will compromise the quality of the wine by causing it to take on a bitter taste. 


From the bladder press, the grape juice is moved to the fermentation tanks where it will ferment into wine for about two weeks for a white, and six to eight weeks for a red. These tanks are protected from the hot Texas temperatures by an eco-friendly insulation layer, which will not harm the environment or any animals who may be tempted to take a bite. The wine stays between 42 and 55 degrees Fahrenheit in the tanks.


From the tanks, the wine moves into the barrels. Most will spend six to eight months or a year in an American Oak barrel that has been used once before, however, a Private Reserve wine will spend the initial period in a new American Oak barrel and will then be moved to a charred French Oak barrel to finish its maturation period. Throughout the time the wine spends in the barrel, it will need to be topped off to account for evaporation through the wood, which can reach levels as high as one to two gallons lost. 

American (right) and French (left) Oak barrels.

From the barrels, the wine is ready to be bottled. Messina Hof uses an automated bottling system to achieve this feat. First, the wine is poured into the bottles. A nitrate is then pumped into the bottle in order to replace oxygen and help to keep the wine fresh as long as it is in the sealed bottle. The bottle is then corked and sealed with beeswax, which is not only an Italian tradition and nod to Messina Hof's heritage, but also does an excellent job of helping the wine to keep for longer periods. This whole process is achieved at a rate of approximately 45-60 bottles per minute.

Corking and Sealing

Wine and Nitrate

At this point in the tour, we were invited to sample some of Messina Hof's offerings in their lovely tasting room. Each of us was presented with a Messina Hof wine glass, which we got to keep afterwards. As the tasting proceeded we were invited to sample four different wines. The first was a dry white wine, the Private Reserve Chardonnay. With this sample, we were taught the technique of Trilling, which involves essentially slurping the wine in order to aerate it in the mouth. Don't worry though, it was classy. If you're looking to try this technique at home, it should be used to try white wines. One should take a small sip, trill, then take another small sip. You should see a change in flavors and the wine should take on a smoother texture on the tongue. The next wine we tried was a semi-dry semi-sweet, Gewurztraminer, which was excellent and very smooth.

From there we moved into the red territory with a dry red, Cabernet Franc. Tasting this wine involved the red wine equivalent of the Trill, the Cluck. This technique involved taking a sip of the wine, tilting the head back, and clucking your tongue, similar to a chicken, while holding the wine in the mouth. Again, if you plan on attempting this at home remember to sip on either side of your Cluck. Also, utilizing this skill in public will make you look like a pro, guaranteed. 

Finally, we sampled the Port, their desert wine, Midnight Yell. The name of this particular wine is a nod to a Texas A&M tradition and the Former Student Association. Note: no fancy technique is required when tasting Port, which is 18% alcohol by volume and is extremely sweet due to its being made from the late harvest grapes, which have the highest concentration of sugars.

Jacque and I with (a cutout of) the owner, Mr. Bonnerigo in the tasting room.


Upon completing the tasting, I asked each of my lovely assistants to write down how they had felt about their experience thus far. Below are their responses.

"The sweet elixir transported me from the confines of the Messina Hof tasting room to a lush meadow nestled beside a rippling stream. Each sip seemed to trigger a chorus of trilling song birds and spontaneous bursts of newly grown flowers to carpet the mossy turf surrounding me as a soft fragrant breeze caressed my face...it's pretty good."
-Jacque

"The atmosphere is very welcoming and the staff very friendly. I almost feel like I'm stealing from them for what a good deal the tour is. The wines were very good and well presented, as were the tips on tasting."
-John

"Messina Hof winery, located just north of Bryan, TX, could quickly become a favorite way to spend Saturdays. For a very affordable price, tours are offered that appeal to both wine amateur and connoisseur alike. The tour included a very informative walk through of production followed by a wonderful tasting of Messina Hof varieties. I see myself returning soon."
-Josh

As you can tell, they were very impressed with the experience and the product. (Note: tour and tasting is $10)

To reward my minions and to experience the culinary uses for the Messina Hof vintages, we grabbed appetizers and a glass of wine at the Vintage House Restaurant. The food was excellent and we personally suggest the Brie. 


Overall, the experience at Messina Hof was superb, with an excellent tour, marvelous tasting, and beautiful landscape to explore. We left not only in a fantastic mood and stuffed with vineyard delicacies, but also much more knowledgeable on wine production in general and specific practices at Messina Hof.












Sunday, November 18, 2012

Wine Wheel


How to Score


APPEARANCE
  3 - Excellent                - Brilliant with outstanding characteristic color.
  2 - Good                      - Clear with characteristic color.
  1 - Poor                        - Slight haze and/or slight off color.
  0 - Objectionable       - Cloudy and/or off color.
  AROMA AND BOUQUET
  6 - Extraordinary       - Unmistakable characteristic aroma of grape-variety or wine-
                                            type.  Outstanding and complex bouquet.  Exceptional balance
                                            of aroma and bouquet.
  5 - Excellent                - Characteristic aroma. Complex bouquet.  Well balanced.
  4 - Good                      - Characteristic aroma.  Distinguishable bouquet.
  3 - Acceptable            - Slight aroma and bouquet.  Pleasant.
  2 - Deficient                - No perceptible aroma or bouquet or with slight off odors.
  1 - Poor                        - Off odors.
  0 - Objectionable       - Objectionable or offensive odors.
  TASTE AND TEXTURE
  6 - Extraordinary       - Unmistakable characteristic flavor of grape-variety or wine-
                                            type.  Extraordinary balance.  Smooth, full-bodied and
                                            overwhelming.
  5 - Excellent                - All of the above but a little less.  Excellent but not
                                            overwhelming.
  4 - Good                      - Characteristic grape-variety or wine-type flavor.  Good
                                            balance.  Smooth.  May have minor imperfections.
  3 - Acceptable            - Undistinguished wine but pleasant. May have minor off flavors.
                                           May be slightly out of balance, and/or somewhat thin or rough.
  2 - Deficient                - Undistinguished wine with more pronounced faults than above.
  1 - Poor                        - Disagreeable flavors, poorly balanced, and/or unpleasant
                                            texture.
  0 - Objectionable       - Objectionable or offensive flavors and/or texture.
  AFTERTASTE
  3 - Excellent                - Lingering outstanding aftertaste.
  2 - Good                      - Pleasant aftertaste.
  1 - Poor                        - Little or no distinguishable aftertaste.
  0 - Objectionable       - Unpleasant aftertaste.
OVERALL IMPRESSION                                       TOTAL SCORES      
  2 - Excellent                                                                18  -  20         Extraordinary
  1 - Good                                                                      15  -  17 Excellent
  0 - Poor                                                                        12  -  14         Good             
                                                                                          9  -  11 Commercially Acceptable
                                                                                          6  -    8 Deficient
                                                                                          0  -    5  Poor and Objectionable                                                                


The American Wine Society is a national non-profit consumer organization which is dedicated to educating its members and the general public about wine appreciation, production and use.  The society is an independent organization with no commercial affiliation.  The society has chapters throughout the United States and Canada.  Membership is open to anyone interested in wine - amateur, enthusiast or professional.  For further information contact:         AMERICAN WINE SOCIETY                                                                   113 South Perry Street                                                               Lawrenceville, GA  30045
PHONE  678-377-7005                                                    info@americanwinesociety.org

AWS Tasting Score Chart


Wine Evaluation Chart
                 Name: _________________________          Date: _________________________
                 Place:  _________________________          Theme: _______________________
See Reverse Side for Scoring Guidelines
    A
        W
             S


Wine

Price
Appearance

3 Max
Aroma /
Bouquet
6 Max
Taste /
Texture
6 Max
Aftertaste

3 Max
Overall
Impression
2 Max
Total
Score
20 Max

1









2









3









4









5









6









7









8









The Basics

To begin this study of wine, let's first establish some basics. Wine is an alcoholic drink made from fermented grapes. Archaeological evidence suggests that wine production first took place as early as 7000 BCE in Georgia with the grape vine being domesticated around the advent of the Bronze Age. The history of wine is linked to humanity through avenues of agriculture, cuisine, and culture as is evidenced by its uses and popularity today. Like our ancestors, we have many uses for wine ranging from the cheap Shiraz you may enjoy with a cheeseburger to the sophisticated Cabernet Souvingnon you may use to "wine and dine" a potential business partner. These uses are determined widely based on the food science of wine pairing, which we will discuss at a later point, but also on the quality of the wine itself. This distinction creates the need for us as consumers, and for wineries as producers, to establish a standard of accepted quality. What exactly is this standard?

Like many components of the wine industry, and like wine itself, the answer to this conundrum is multifaceted  and somewhat subjective. However, for the sake of laying a foundation, three main tells for wine quality are raw material quality, processing, and obviously, taste.

Raw material quality refers most commonly to the actual grapes used to make the wine. This is derived from the cultural practices employed in the vineyard such as planting time, soil chemistry, and irrigation as well as from the actual cultivar of the grapes. Grape cultivar is a driving force for many of these practices with different varieties requiring different cultural input. Different cultivars also determine the type of wine produced with Cabernet grapes producing Cabernet, Chardonnay producing Chardonnay and so on and so forth. Many of these strains are extremely old cultivars which originate from areas also named for the grape. Translation: You could literally be drinking a Bordeaux made from Bordeaux grapes grown in Bordeaux. Try saying that five times fast.

The way these grapes are processed also impacts the quality of a wine. One important component is the actual receptacle which the wine will ferment and mature in. These can range from stainless steel vats to hundred year old oak barrels and everything in between. In addition to the different profiles which arise from the containment of the wine, chemical levels must also be constantly evaluated and adjusted in order to produce a palatable wine.

Despite the importance of the above components, ultimately wine will sell and be evaluated based on taste. In a professional wine tasting sphere (sommelier) wines are evaluated based on established profiles for different wine types using a taste chart. One common chart for scoring is the AWS (American Wine Society) which ranks various aspects of the wine based on appearance, aroma, taste, aftertaste, and overall appearance for a score of up to twenty points. There is also a figure known as a wine wheel which can be used to help the taster identify diverse scents and flavors. Both of these figures are pictured with this entry While these professional opinions help shape the marketing of the wine, taste is incredibly important and subjective. Many times an expert may dislike a wine, but it may be a top seller on the market. Really there is no wrong or right taste, but a profile which sells.

The production of wine is a worldwide industry which is inextricably linked to our culture and has been since its advent. Viticulture drives the culinary and agricultural fields while entangling itself in our day to day lives and social culture. for this reason, the exploration of the quality, materials, and procedures used to create wine and wine products is heavily influenced by science and art. If nothing else is derived from this project take away these three main quality points, however if you are looking dazzle your friends and family at upcoming events at which wine is served, I will be unpacking these points in gory detail until we are all intimately acquainted with the romance and mystery of wine production.